Navegando a través de las dimensiones de la materialidad y la historia: la escala como lente para comprender relaciones sociotécnicas dinámicas y acumulativas

Contenido principal del artículo

Ellan F. Spero
Christine Ortiz

Resumen

A través del lente de la escala, este artículo combina co­nocimientos y perspectivas de la historia de la tecnología, por un lado, y de la ciencia y la ingeniería de los materiales, por otro, para examinar la materialidad de los sistemas tecnológicos ubicuos y cotidianos que, con frecuencia, permanecen ocultos. Se exami­na el caso simultáneamente excepcional y prosaico de los materiales que sustentan el proceso de filtración de agua en una ciudad manufacturera del siglo XIX en los Estados Unidos. El análisis de los vínculos entre estructura, propiedad, procesamiento y rendimiento de los materiales se integra con enfoques históricos de los paisajes tec­nológicos, la co-construcción de uso y valor y las narrativas de progreso. Este estudio proporciona información sobre las dinámi­cas relaciones sociales y materiales que cambian a través de las escalas, así como acerca de los mecanismos y las influencias acumulativas de los constituyentes mate­riales de sistemas sociotécnicos más gran­des. La contribución se inscribe en el marco de la ciencia y la tecnología con orientación social. Finalmente, se discute la implemen­tación de este marco en instituciones nuevas y existentes de educación superior.


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Spero, E. F., & Ortiz, C. . (2021). Navegando a través de las dimensiones de la materialidad y la historia: la escala como lente para comprender relaciones sociotécnicas dinámicas y acumulativas. Diseña, (18), Article.1. https://doi.org/10.7764/disena.18.Article.1
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Artículos Originales (parte 1)
Biografía del autor/a

Ellan F. Spero, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Station1

Licenciada en Ciencias y Máster en Ciencias de la Fibra y Diseño de Vestuario, Cornell University. Máster en Estudios Museográficos y Conservación de Textiles, Fashion Institute of Technology. PhD en Historia, Antropología, Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Spero es Instructora en el Departamento de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales del MIT, y co-fundadora y profesora en Station1, una institución de educación superior sin fines de lucro enfocada en ciencia y tecnología con orientación social. Sus áreas de investigación incluyen las narra­tivas de progreso, los sistemas de producción, los ecosistemas académico-industriales y las infraestructuras socio-materiales. Spero es autora de “The Tua Valley in Transition, Symbol and Technological Landscape” (con H. S. Pereira; CEM Cultura, Espaço e Memória / Culture, Space & Memory, n° 7), “A Garden City for Progress and Harmony: Singapore at the Osaka 1970 Expo” (en S. G. Knowles y A. Molella, eds.; World’s Fairs in the Era of the Cold War; University of Pittsburgh Press, 2019) y “An Entrepreneurial Opportunity in Process: Creating an Industrial Fellowship in Early Twentieth Century America” (Management and Organizational History, vol. 12, n° 3).

Christine Ortiz, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Station1

Licenciada en Ciencias e Ingeniería de Materiales, Rensselaer Polyte­chnic Institute. Máster en Ciencias y PhD en Ciencia e Ingeniería de los Materiales, Cornell University. Ortiz es Morris Cohen Professor de Ciencia e Ingeniería de los Materiales en el Departamento de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Ma­teriales del MIT y fundadora de Station1, una institución de educación superior sin fines de lucro enfocada en ciencia y tecnología con orientación social. Sus áreas de investigación incluyen el diseño y la mecánica de materiales multiescalares, los enfoques socio-resi­lientes para el desarrollo de materiales, los materiales biológicos, los materiales y las nanotecnologías, el modelado y la simulación de materiales, la microscopía de materiales de alta resolución y los materiales biológicos y de inspiración biológica. Ortiz es autora de más de 195 publicaciones académicas, entre las que se incluyen: “Bioinspired Structural Materials” (con M. C. Boyce, Science, vol. 319, n° 5866), “Multifunctionality of Chiton Biomineralized Armor with an Integrated Visual System” (con L. Li, et al., Science, vol. 350, n° 6263) y “Hierarchical Structural Design for Fracture Resistance in the Shell of the Pteropod Clio pyramidata” (con L. Li, y J. C. Weaver, Nature Communications, 6, 6216).

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